Are you a nursing student who is being bombarded with works and projects in this course, and struggling with the PICO method based assignments? We discern the need for developing a proper clinical research question before starting research. Being an evidence-based model, PICO uses a process for framing a question, evaluating, and repeating as needed. As an essential part of the evidence-based practice process, seeking top standard clinical research evidence can be an intimidating task for many in the healthcare field. From student nurses to becoming practicing nurses, you will come across many concepts of evidence-based practices like PICO but may find it hard to wholly comprehend the proportion between better patient outcomes and evidence-based nursing activities. Our highly proficient PICO assignment help experts can guide you round the clock in preparing an assignment at the cheapest price.
When valid, clinically substantial, relevant research is collected, interpreted, and consolidated, and the evidence-based nursing process is identified. For making a clinical decision, a shred of existing evidence is translated without producing a piece of new information or ratifying existing knowledge. Clinicians can make decisions related to patient care with the help of evidence-based nursing practices like PICO as it connects the research is done and theories are driven into practical knowledge. Enhanced patient outcomes are pivotal for hospitals facing staff issues, and evidence-based practices is an asset for them as it significantly improves better patient outcomes. Simply reach out to our nursing assignment help experts and take guidance for even completing the most challenging topics.
PICO is a mnemonic used to describe the four components of a consistent clinically emphasized question. P stands for the Patient/Problem intended to study, I for Intervention or treatment planned to use, C refers to the Comparison between interventions, and O for the expected Outcome. Thus it makes the PICO format: Patient/Problem Intervention Comparison and Outcome model.
P - Population, Patient, and Problem: Identifying the Patient or Problem proposed to study about or to find the solution for.
I - Intervention: The best solution or treatment preferred by the specialist over the problem or disease respectively.
C - Comparison: This element of the PICO process is done for substantiating whether the selected intervention is the best method by comparing it with alternative plans.
O - Outcome: This element is considered to be of superior significance along with other elements. It's about figuring out the results of Intervention performed on the patient or problem. Simply said, it's the findings or results of the treatment done.
The PICO process generally goes through 7 steps: starting with a case scheme or situation from which a question suitable for the case is developed and then formulated in a way that stimulates detecting an answer. The matter to be kept in mind is that the question constructed is not the same as the original PICO question. The question is phrased for helping the researchers to have a better standpoint while seeking evidence from the literature.
Let's take a glance at the 7 steps of the PICO process.
1. Develop the PICO question: In this step, the researchers have to create a PICO question based on the problem being faced. Let's take an example:
The spread of Corona Virus is increasing, especially in the hospitals even after separating the victims from non-victims.
Based on this scenario, our research question is: Does regular hand sanitization by healthcare staff reduce the spread of the virus?
2. Identify Keywords for each PICO element:
Problem- The Problem that Needs a Solution
Intervention- The action or treatment to be taken
Comparison- Other action(s) compared to the Intervention
Outcome- The anticipated outcome
Does regular hand sanitization by healthcare staff reduce the spread of the virus in hospitals?
PICO Elements | Keywords |
P (Problem) | The spread of Virus in hospitals |
I (Intervention) | Regular hand sanitization by healthcare staffs |
C (Comparison) | No hand sanitizing; wear only masks |
O (Outcome) | Reduce the spread of the virus |
3. Search Strategy Planning:
Identifying database to search (if the manual, then the particular section in the library)
Considering the PICO elements
Making subject descriptors or synonyms: This can help in expanding the scope of searching.
4. Execute the Search:
This can be an easy step if you are using database software as you can get several search results with just one click. Manual search includes collecting the books from the library and identifying the pages related to your PICO question.
5. Result Refinements:
Done with applying filters in a computer. While doing a manual search, you have to avoid paragraphs, pages, or even the entire literature if it doesn't contribute to the subject properly.
6. Literature Review:
If a relevant article is found incomplete in the database, you have to search for it in the hospital library.
7. Identifying The Level of Evidence:
This is the final step where you have to identify the level of evidence by considering each article selected. A hierarchy in terms of strength and level of the evidence found can be considered for getting the most relevant information.
The hierarchy includes a level of evidence as given below (high level to low level)
I. Meta Analysis
II. Systematic review
III. Randomized controlled trial
IV. Cohort study
VI. Case report or case series
Meta-Analysis is the highest level of evidence.
These steps are followed when the PICO process is done through database software. The manual process includes referring to several pieces of literature and making points, which is more complex and time-consuming. Our PICO assignment experts can deliver the best assignment regarding these topics.
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